Thomas A. Jennings, Ph.D.

Dr. Jennings received his B.A. and M.A. in chemistry from Temple University in Philadelphia,  Pennsylvania and was awarded a Ph.D. in physical chemistry from the Aston University located in Birmingham, England.

About 1968, while engaged in the development of micro-circuit passive components, he was first introduced to the subject of freeze-drying. At first, he was intrigued with how such a seemly uncomplicated process could so greatly enhance the stability of heat liable products such as pharmaceuticals. By 1975, his interest, fueled by the existing literature, grew rapidly and was introduced to the term lyophilization. Perhaps what struck him most was the apparent dichotomy that appeared to exist between those investigators working in the field and those using the process. In an attempt to help bridge such a gap, he formed T. A. Jennings Associates, Inc. which later became known as Phase Technologies, Inc.

It soon became apparent that one reason for the gap was that the publications often consisted of a series of papers that were of interest but, on a collective basis, offered little guidance on developing a lyophilization process for a given product. In June of 1978, he presented his first seminar on lyophilization whose objective was to present the process in a logical sequence. Those attending the seminar received a copy of his  first set of "Seminar Notes". As the popularity of his seminar increased, he brought  his message to the Parenteral Drug Association (PDA) were he twice presented his three-day seminar with the major portion of the fees going to support the growth of  the PDA.  While the PDA decided over the years to continue to present lyophilization  courses, Dr. Jennings also presented his seminar each year and his notes grew  in volume as a result of his continued research and understanding of the science of lyophilization. A little known fact is that all but one of Dr. Jennings publications on the  subject of lyophilization were not  supported by any outside source of funding and he either purchased or constructed the equipment he used in his  laboratories. In essence, the major portion of the fees that Phase Technologies, Inc. has received  over the years has gone back into the industry in the form of information and new  technology.  This independence provides Dr. Jennings with a unique position in that he  is beholding to no organization and therefore can be objective in his views regarding the lyophilization process and its associated equipment and instrumentation. He does not regard himself as being on a crusade or mission but merely as a scientist endeavoring to make some contribution to the science of lyophilization.

He has been awarded numerous patents and is the author of more than 20 technical publications involving the lyophilization process and freeze-drying equipment and instrumentation. He received the Fred Simon award for the outstanding technical paper published in the PDA Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology for 1995. He is the author of the book Lyophilization - Introduction and Basic Principles published by Interpharm Press in 1999. At present, he is serving a three year term as President of the International Society of Lyophilization - Freeze Drying, Inc.

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